Cilia are whip-like organelles. Each has 2 microtubules at the center surrounded by nine pairs. All enclosed in a unit membrane

• There are found in cellular organisms and are wide spread in higher animals. there are not found in higher plants
• Flagella have the same or transtructure as cilia though stronger
• Cilia are up to 25um long while flagella are up to 1000um long, both with an average diameter of 0.3um
• Their movement requires energy from ATP. There both originates from basal bodies (kinetosomes)

• Function of cilia and flagella

• They bring about movement in many. A cellular organism e.g. paramecium and sperm cell
• Ciliary movement walt liquids and particles in suspension over the surface which they lay
• They are often found linning ducts, tubules and other specialize surfaces such as respiratory tracks of mammals where materials are wofted means of rapid beating also cell from the ovary toward the uterus during ovulation