This is my book.

That is his house.

These are my shoes.

Those are his clothes.

These are pronouns used to identify the person or thing that is being referred to. They include, ‘this, that, these and those'.

‘This' and ‘that' are used for singular nouns while ‘these' and’ those' are used for plural nouns. (See examples above.)

We use ‘this' and ‘these' when what we are talking about is/are near and 'that' and ‘those' when it is far or distant from us.

We usually use them before nouns. For example: This man/that letter.

We can also use them without nouns. For example: This is for you. Who is that? What are these? Those are mine.