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Logic FROM 3

Chapter 2: IDEAS AND TERMS

TYPES OF TERMS
  1. Singular Term

It refers to one thing.

  1. General Term

It refers to a number of similar things and is usually expressed in the singular. For example: Book, animal, student etc.

  1. Concrete and Abstract Term

A concrete term refers to anything protesting attributes. For example; Pen, torch, shop etc.

An abstract term is the quantity or attributes of a person or thing. For example: Polite, rude, honest, beauty.

  1. Positive and Negative Term

A positive term suggests presence of an attribute or group of attribute. Example; True, alive, intelligent etc.

A negative term suggests the absence of an attribute. Example; Un confortable, non-student, cold, dark, impatience etc.

  1. Private Term

It indicates the absence of an attribute above it presence was to be expected. Example: Father, blood, orphan etc.

  1. Contradictory and Contrary Term

Contradictory terms are two words which are mutually exclusive. That is, incapable of being educated at the same time about the subject. Example: Human and in-human, wise and unwise, national and in national; black and non-black etc.

Contrary terms are two words most opposed to one another other the same class. Example: Happy and sad, bright and dull, smooth and rough etc.

 

  1. Collective and Distributive Term

Collective terms refer to a group of persons or things as seen as acting together. Example: Broom team.

Distributive terms refer to members of a thing or individual persons. Example: Board of directors.

  1. Correlative Term

These are two terms which are inherently related to each other through a common principle. Example: Husband and wife, teacher and student etc.

MEANING OF TERM

  • Connotation

This is a collection of properties shared by all objects in a term.

  • Denotation

This means stating what a term is by pointing out the individual extension.

par Claude Foumtum