Règle :

Pour transformer une phrase active en une phrase passive, il faut:

-        Le complément d’objet de la phrase active devient le sujet de la phrase passive.

-        le sujet de la phrase active  devient le complément d’agent à la voie passive

-        le sujet qui devient le complément d’agent à la voie passive est précédé par la préposition « by » qui signifie « par » en français.

-        Conjuguer l’auxiliaire « to be » au même temps que celui du verbe qui fait l’action dans la voix active.

-        Ecrire le participe passé du verbe qui fait l’action dans la voix active.

Quelques exemples en fonction des temps verbaux

1. Cas des temps du (present tenses)

1. Active Voice

On parle d’Active Voice (voie active) lorsque dans la phrase, l’accent est mis sur l’action du sujet parlant ou agissant.

Ex:

• Mr Anuze teaches German and English. (present simple)
• Mr Anuze is teaching German and English. (present continuous tense)
• Mr Anuze has taught German and English. (present perfect tense)

2. Transformation en la voie Passive

On dit d’une phrase qu’elle est à la forme passive lorsque c’est l’objet qui subit l’action.

Ex :

• German and English are taught by Mr Anuze. (present simple)
• German and English are being taught by Mr Anuze. (present continuous tense)
• German and English have been taught by Mr Anuze. (present perfect tense)

2. Cas des temps du (past tenses)

3. Active Voice

Ex:

• The children visited the farm ( past simple tense)
• The children were visiting the farm. (past continuous tense)
• The children had visited the farm. (past perfect tense)

4. Transformation en la voie Passive

Ex :

• The farm was visited by the children. ( past simple tense)
• The farm was being visited by the children. (past continuous tense)
• The farm had been visited by the children. (past perfect tense)

3. Cas des temps du future tense

5. Active voice

Ex :

• The villagers will dig the road. (future tense)
• The villagers will be digging the road. (future continuous tense)
• The villagers will have dug the road. (future continuous tense)

6. Transformation en la voie Passive

Ex :

• The road will be dug by the villagers. (future tense)
• The road will be being dug by the villagers. (future continuous tense)
• The road will have being dug by the villagers. (future continuous tense)

4. Cas du passive infinitive

C’est lorsque l’on forme le passive voice d’une phrase avec la formule suivante:

Formule : to be (à l’infinitif) + past participle ou modal verb + be + past participle.

Ex:  

• Active voice

• The engineers are going to repair the bridges.
• Good painters from a professional school are going to paint these houses.

• Passive voice

• The bridges are to be repaired by the engineers.
• These houses are to be painted by good painters from a professional school

5. Cas des modal verbs

Ex:

• Active voice

• Mrs Deffo Chanceline may pound Fufu
• The drivers must drive the vehicles well
• Takouzim can kill a lion.
• The headmaster may meet the American president.

• Passive voice

• Fufu may be pounded by Mrs Deffo Chanceline
• The vehicles must be well driven by the drivers
• A lion can be killed by Takouzim
• The American president may be met by the headmaster

EXERCISE

Put into passive voice or active voice.

1. The lion killed the goat. = …………………………………………………
2. The farmer cut down the trees. =…………………………………………..
3. Vasco de Gama discovered India. =……………………………………….
4. The minister of science praised the scientist for this discovery. =……...........................................................................................................
5. The famer feeds the pigs every days. =……………………………………
6. My parents will give me a present. =………………………………………
7. I will conquer this country. =………………………………………………
8. She kept him waiting. =……………………………………………………
9. People jam-packed the streets. =…………………………………………..

10. Our friends will blame us. =………………………………………………